- The four noble truths; caturaryasatya;
bden.pa bzhi (den.pa zhi).
- Suffering due to suffering; suffering of misery;
duhkha duhkhata; sdug.bsngalgy sdug.bsngal (dug.ngal
gyi dug.ngal).
- Suffering due to change; viparinama duhkhata;
’gyur.bai sdug.bsngal (gyur.wei dug.ngal).
- All embracing suffering due to mental formations;
suffering of being conditioned; samskara duhkhata; khyab.pai
'dus.byed gyi sdug.bsngal (khyab.pai du.je gyi
dug.ngal).
- Volitional action of body, speech and mind;
karma; las (ley). The Sanskrit term karma is
generally used. Karma is of three types: skillful, unskillful, and
neutral.
- Mental defilement; klesha; nyon.mongs
(nyon.mong). There are two forms of mental defilements: harmful
inclinations, and the mistaking of the way things appear to exist for
the way they actually do.
- (Literally) circle or sphere; mandala;
dkyil.'khor (kyil.kor). The Sanskrit term mandala
is used most often. A mandala can be the physical circular object used
for making offerings, the symbolic universe that is being offered, or
the special abode or environment of the one who is receiving the
offering.
- The intermediate state between one's death and one's
next rebirth; antarabhava; bar.do (bardo).
- Desire; attachment; rag; 'dod.chags
(dod.chag);
Aversion; anger; hatred; dosha;
zhe-sdang (zhe.dang);
Ignorance; mental darkness;
moha; gti.mug (ti.mug). These three comprise the
three poisons.
- Ignorance regarding the self of persons;
pudgalatmadrishti; gang.zag gi dag.dzin gyi ma.rig.pa
(gang.zag gi dag.dzin gyi ma.rig.pa);
Ignorance regarding the
self of phenomena; dharmatmadrishti; cho.kyi dag.dzin gyi
ma.rig.pa).
- Carrying; vehicle; yana; theg.pa
(teg.pa).
- The mind motivated or dedicated to achieve
enlightenment for the sake of all living beings; the altruistic
intention; the awakening mind; bodhicitta; byang.chub kyi
sems (jang.chub kyi sem).
- Wisdom; prajna; shes.rab
(she.rab). Method; means; upaya; thabs
(tab).
- Buddha field; buddha kshetra; sangs.rgyas kyi
zhing (sang.gye kye zhing).
- Ten levels or grounds; dashabhumi; sa.bcu
(sa.chu).
- "The Oceans of Clouds of Praises"; stod.sprin
rgya.mtsho (do.trin gya.tso). This is a prayer in praise of the
bodhisattva Manjushri, which contains a description of a buddha's
qualities of body, speech and mind.
- Perfection; paramita; pha.rol tu phyin.pa
(pa.rol tu chin.pa).
- Lha Lama Yeshe Ö; (Devaguru Jnanaprabha). This
king was a descendant of King Langdarma (gLan-dar-ma), who was
responsible for eradicating the first spreading of Buddhism in
Tibet.
- Verses 19 and 20 of Je Tsong Khapa's prayer The
Beginning and the End (thog.mtha.ma (tog.ta
ma)).
- Calm abiding; samatha; zhi-gnas
(zhi.nay). Calm abiding is the perfection of mental
concentration.
- Analytical, or investigative, meditation;
vicharabhavana; dpyad.sgom (je.gom). Discursive
analysis of the true nature of the meditation object.
- Concentration meditation; sthapyabhavana;
'jog.sgom (jo.gom). Following discriminating or analytic
meditation, one then single-pointedly places the mind on the meditation
object. This practice is an aspect of calm abiding.
- Diamond posture; vajrasana; rdo.rje.gdan
(dor.je den). This asana is called the diamond posture or
pose because in this position, one can sit firmly, "indestructibly,"
unmovingly, for a long period of time.
- Scattered attention; agitation; mental excitement;
auddhyata; rgod.pa (go.pu).
- Torpor; sinking; lethargy; nirmagnata;
bying.ba (jing.wa).
- Mindfulness; remembrance; recollection; smrti;
dran.pa (den.pa).
- Clear comprehension; awareness; mental spy;
samprajdnya; shes.bzhin (she.zlzin).
- Subtle torpor; sukshmanirmagnata; byin.ba
phra.mo (jing.wa tra.mo).
- Insight meditation; heightened insight;
vipashyana; Ihag.mthon
(Ihag.thong).
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